TABLE OF CONTENTS

Consolidated Minutes of the 101st Annual Meeting of the South DakotaAcademy of     Science................................................................................................1

Presidential Address: An Opportunity We Must Seize. George K. Mwangi..................19

Complete Senior Research Papers

Presented at the 101st Annual Meeting of the

South Dakota Academy of Science

Development of a Multi-Phased Educational Program Designed to Enhance Student and Citizen Knowledge and Awareness of South Dakota’s Natural History and Visual Arts Collections of Plants, Animals, and Fossils: Inconceivable Or Not? Kenneth F. Higgins, David C. Parris, Eileen Dowd Stukel, and Lora B. Perkins...................................27

The Shape of Celestial Objects. Perry H. Rahn and Thomas V. Durkin.......................41

Synthetic Axioms for Some Segmentwise Connected Differential Geometry Surfaces and for Arcs Which May Self Intersect.Richard P. Menzel.................................................................................................53

A Hexanchid Shark from the Late Cretaceous Pierre Shale Group of the Western Interior Seaway of North Amercia. James E. Martin...............................69

A New Species of Hoplopteryx from the Carlile Formation (Cretaceous) of South Dakota. Barbara S. Grandstaff and David C. Parris................................73

Documentation of the Northern Long-Eared Myotis, Myotis septentrionalis on the Standing Rock Indian Reservation. Christopher J. Shank, Kurt Tooley, Michael P. Gutzmer and Jeffrey C. Kelly..............................................................................................85

Reproductive Biology of American Licorice (Glycyrrhiza lepidota Pursh) in Western South Dakota with New Seed Insect Associations.Arvid Boe and Paul J. Johnson..............................................................................91

Changes in Weight and Germinability of Black Medic Seed Over a Growing Season, with a New Seed Predator. Arvid Boe, Robin Bortnem, and Paul J. Johnson..................................................................105

Simulating Temperature Inversions in Surface Mines Using Computational Fluid Dynamics. Purushotham Tukkaraja, Manoj Keerthipati, and Adam French.................................................................119

Using Numerical Simulations to Evaluate Problems Caused By Temperature Inversions in Surface Mines. Purushotham Tukkaraja, Manoj Keerthipati, and Adam French.................................................................125

Abstracts of Senior Research Papers and Posters

Presented at the 101st Annual Meeting of the

South Dakota Academy of Science

Community Participatory Action Research: the Effects of a Summer Physical Activity and Nutrition Intervention on 7 Day Activity Recall and Self Esteem. Aline Mukesha, Alexandria Klimisch, Jacqueline Kelley, and Ashlyn M. Johnson..........................................................135

Community Participatory Action Research: The Effects of a Summer Physical Activity and Nutrition Intervention on Biophysical Measures and Steps Per Day. Alexandria Klimisch, Aline Mukesha, Jacqueline Kelley, and Ashlyn M. Johnson..........................................................136

Identification of LMP1-Regulated Proteins During Epstein-Barr Virus Productive Infection in Differentiating Keratinocytes. Vanessa Rockne, Janaya Lewis, Jena Peters, Michaela Bunde, Julie Nelson, Thomas Kahler, Julie Girard, and Vicki Geiser...............................137

Developing a Hypobaric Condition for the Observation of Denitrification by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (LCT-PA102) During Early Exponential Phase. Andrew Kawasaki, Nathan Lucs, Taylor Wingert, Israel Wipf, and William Soeffing..........................................................................................138

Perspectives in Quantum Chemistry. Arlen Viste.......................................................139

Latent Membrane Protein 1 Induced Alterations to Differentiating Keratinocytes TRAF1 and VEGF Signal Transduction Pathways. Janaya Lewis, Vanessa Rockne, Michael Grimme, Christopher Hoffman, Emily Rausch, and Vicki Geiser......................................140

The Next One Hundred Years of the SDAS: We Have a Sound History; Will We Have a Sound Future? Nels H. Granholm............................................141

Effect of Different Iodine Disinfection Regimes on Survival to Hatch and Bacterial Flora of Landlocked Fall Chinook Salmon Eggs. D. J. Bergmann, P. A. Nero, and M. E. Barnes...................................................142

Chironomidae (Insecta: Diptera) of San Salvador, Bahamas: A Search for New Species. K. M. Wollman, P. Kranzfelder, and A. M. Anderson....................143

Role of Epstein-Barr Virus Latent Membrane Protein-1 During Proliferation and Differentiation of Epithelium. Michael R. Grimmeand Vicki Geiser.................................................................................................144

New Electrochemical Approaches for Treating Flowback Water from Hydraulically Fractured Oil Fields. Namita Shrestha, Govinda Chilkoor, and Venkataramana Gadhamshetty.......................................145

A Black Hills Gem. (Robert) Roy Kintner.................................................................146

The “Cottonwood Conundrum” and the 2011 Flood on the Missouri River. Mark D. Dixon, Christopher J. Boever, Victoria L. Danzeisen, Christopher L. Merkord, Michael L. Scott, and W. Carter Johnson....................147

Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Dopamine Analysis. Elianna Isaac, Jesse Springer, and George Mwangi....................................................................148

Analysis of the Tetragonal to Orthorhombic Phase Transition Through an Intermediate Monoclinic Phase in BaTiO3. T. A. Liebsch...................................149

Threshold Behavior of Wolbachia Spread in Insect Populations. Michael Bosch, Eric Sazama, and Jeff Wesner.....................................................150

Ionospheric Plasma Coupling to Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Radiation: A Mechanism for Monitoring Earthquake Precursors Using the Existing Global Navigation Satellite System. Kelsey Kramer, Donna Kliche, Al Meidinger, and Jessica Clayton......................151

Microbial Community Structure of “Cave Silver” Biofilms from the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota, as Determined By16S rDNA Sequencing. Ethan M. Thompson and David J. Bergmann......................................................................................152

Environmental Impact Assessment Study of a Tailings Dam Spill in Southeast Brazil —Toxic Elements Determination in Soils. M. B. B. Guerra, B. T. Teaney, R. J. Barker, B. J. Mount, D. J. Asunskis, B. T. Jordan, and C. E. G. R. Schaefer.......................................153

Flowback Water Corrosion Behavior and Its Impact on Water Resources. Govinda Chilkoor, Namita Shrestha, and Venkataramana Gadhamshetty.....................................................................154

Differential Gene Expression of Corn Varieties Under Weed Stress. S. A. Bruggeman, S. A. Clay, D. P. Horvath, and D. E. Clay..............................155

Tuning Magnetic Properties of CO2FeGe With Cr Substitution for Fe.Mukesh Mithrakumar, Basanta Bhusal, Yung Huh, and Parashu Kharel.............................................................................................156

Sub-Critical Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Lignocellulosic Biomass for Lactic Acid Production. E. E. Kodzomoyo, W. Nan, A. Shende, and R. Shende....................................................................................................157

Anaerobic Biodegradation of Lignin Like Malachite Green Dye By Enterobacter Sp. RC202. Hannah Glocke, Rajneesh Jaswal, Rajesh Shende, and Anuradha Shende................................................................158

A Multi-Herbarium Web Accessible Database for Vascular Plants of the Missouri Plateau. M. L. Gabel and G. M. Kostel................................................159

Three Insects Affecting Biomass and Reproduction of Prairie Cordgrass in the Northern Great Plains. Paul J. Johnson, Arvid Boe and J. Manuel Perilla López................................................................................160

A Statewide Survey of Native Freshwater Mussels in South Dakota. Kaylee Faltys and Nels H. Troelstrup, Jr..............................................................161

Effects of Environmentally Induced Stress (Cortisol) on Danio rerio Development. C. Martin, C. Johns, S. Meridha, A. Wanous, and A. M. Kiesow...............................................................................................162

Semi-Continuous Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Lignocellulosic Biomass. Jordan Shannon, Wei Nan, Anuradha Shende, and Rajesh Shende.....................163

Identification of Drought Related Regulatory Elements in Tomato: A Bioinformatics Approach. Gabriel Carlisle, Steven L. Matzner, and Seasson P. Vitiello.........................................................................................164

Status of the Majorana Demonstrator. Wenqin Xu for the Majorana Collaboration.....................................................165

Comparison of Remotely Sensed Watershed Landscape Characteristics Using Attila in the Northwestern Great Plains Level Iii Ecoregion of Western South Dakota. A. Suehring, L. Kuehl, C. Kaiser, K. N. Bertrand, and N. H. Troelstrup, Jr............................................................166

Digitizing the C. A. Taylor Herbarium at South Dakota State University.Gary E. Larson....................................................................................................167

Effects of Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannibinol on Developing Xenopus laevis. B. Harr, B. Jackson, C. Johns, and A. M. Kiesow...............................................168

Effects of Probiotics on Xenopus laevis. A. M. Van Oosbree and A. M. Kiesow......................................................................................................169

QUBIC: An R Package of Qualitative Biclustering for Gene Co-Expression Analysis. J. Xie and Q. Ma..........................................................170

Biomedical Research Experiences for K-12 Science Teachers. M. W. Amolins, C. M. Ezrailson, D. A. Pearce, A. J. Elliott, and P. F. Vitiello..................................................................................................171

Autofluorescence Challenges to Using Lectins to Diagnose Trichostrongyle Nematode Genera in Sheep. A. J. Nikolas, A. R. Buysse, L. M. N. Monga and M. B. Hildreth.................................................................172

The Systemic Approach in Natural Sciences: A Philosophical Concept. B. A. Shmagin.....................................................................................................173

Plausible Prebiotic Assembly of a Primitive Reduced Phospholipid from Meteoritic Phosphorus on the Primordial Earth. Nathan Fitch, Krista Even, Lucas Leinen, and Michael Gaylor......................................................................176

Design and Testing of a Novel Graphene-Based Supercapacitor Under Prolonged Microgravity Conditions Aboard the International Space Station. Jacob Riley and Michael Gaylor.............................................................178

Plausible Prebiotic Assembly of a Primitive Genetic Molecule from Meteoritic Nucleobases and Reduced Phosphorus on the Primordial Earth. Kayli Rageth and Michael Gaylor............................................................180

Light Microscopic Evidence for Direct Ingestion as the Principle Uptake Pathway for Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) Flame Retardant Additives in House Crickets in Contact with PBDE-Treated Furniture Foam. Grace Estridge, Tyler Telkamp, Hope Juntunen, Robert Hale and Michael Gaylor..............................................181

Assessing the Utility of Simple, Inexpensive, Low Density Polyethylene Plastic Strips to Passively Sample Product-Associated Volatile Organic Compound Emissions to Indoor Air. Hope Juntunen, Tyler Telkamp, and Michael Gaylor............................................................................................183

Assessing the Utility of Simple, Inexpensive, Low Density Polyethylene Plastic Strips to Passively Sample Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Land-Disposed Sewage Sludge. Tyler Telkamp, Hope Juntunen, Richard Honour and Michael Gaylor.......................................184

The Optimization of an HP-TLC Based Lipid Extraction Technique for Lipid Profiling. Shelby Vosburg, Ben Mcniven, and Paula Mazzer......................185

Volumetric Measurements of Channel Catfish Diet Contents from Western South Dakota Prairie Streams. E. Peterson, N. H. Troelstrup, Jr., S. Jones, K. N. Bertrand, and B. D. S. Graeb...................186

Alternative Weed Control in Organic Cropping Systems: Preliminary Results. M. Carlson, S. A. Clay, F. Forcella, and S. Wortman.............................187

Urban Mosquito Surveillance: Analysis of Mosquito Collection Records from Sioux Falls, SD. Geoffrey Vincent, Justin Davis, Denise PattonMichael Wimberly, and M. B. Hildreth..............................................................188

Physical and Chemical Habitat Drivers of Macroinvertebrate Assemblages in Two Level IV Ecoregions of South Dakota. Lyntausha C. Kuehl, Chad Kaiser, Katie N. Bertrand, and Nels H. Troelstrup, Jr................................189

Growth of Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) in Eastern South Dakota with Comparisons to Waterhemp (A. rudis) and Redroot Pigweed (A. retroflexus). Brian Van De Stroet, Mauricio Erazo-Barradas, and Sharon Clay.........................................................190

Effects of Various Mowing Frequency on Regrowth Potential of Invasive Species Smooth Bromegrass (Bromus inermis). Surendra Bam, Lan Xu, and Joshua A. Young ............................................................................191

The Foldout Creche. E. F. Knapp...............................................................................192

Computational Analysis of Proposed Tetrafuromacrolide. Emily Kaufman, Arlen Viste, and Jetty Duffy-Matzner..................................................................193

The Relationship Between Egg Size and Terminal Filaments in Drosophila melanogaster Lines Selected for Large Egg Size. Caden M. Quintanilla, Deeksha Mohan, and Cecelia M. Miles.........................194

Morphology Comparison Between Smooth Brome and Meadow Brome. Alyse E. Homola, Lan Xu, and Arvid Boe...........................................................195

Designing a Field Safety Protocol (FSP) for Schools: Reducing the Risk in Science Field Studies. Cathy M. Ezrailson......................................................196

INSTRUCTIONS FOR AUTHORS - Proceedings of the South Dakota Academy of Science, 2016